The Security of Sea Lanes of Communication in the Indian Ocean Region by Dennis Rumley Sanjay Chaturvedi Mat Taib Yasin

Author:Dennis Rumley, Sanjay Chaturvedi, Mat Taib Yasin [Dennis Rumley, Sanjay Chaturvedi, Mat Taib Yasin]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Nonfiction, Social & Cultural Studies, Social Science, Human Geography
ISBN: 9781317399933
Publisher: Taylor and Francis
Published: 2016-03-31T04:00:00+00:00

Safety aspects

LNG carriers are fitted with sophisticated safety systems that consistently monitor the condition of the cargo tank and ship. All LNG carriers will have to comply with all relevant local and international regulatory requirements to enable the ship to operate at sea. The most prominent international conventions for LNG carriers to comply with are the International Gas Code (IGS) and International Ship and Port Facilities Security Code (ISPS Code) of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). In addition to that, it is compulsory for the LNG ship's officers and crews to undergo extensive training on how to operate the LNG ship. This is necessary to ensure that they have met the international standard.

The LNG ship is equipped with safety equipment to facilitate ship handling and cargo system handling from the liquefaction plant to the regasification plant. The ship handling safety features include global positioning and communications systems that enable the ship to monitor its position, speed and other vessels nearby. An automatic maritime distress system on the LNG ship is designed to transmit signals and an alarm should there be any onboard emergency that requires immediate external assistance.

The cargo safety system, on the other hand, includes an emergency shutdown system that can identify potential safety problems and automatically shut down the ship operations. This will prevent and limit the amount of LNG that can be released from the cargo tank. In addition, gas and fire-detection systems, nitrogen purging, double hulls and double containment tanks or leak pans are placed on board to help identify the risk of fire or leakage. These detection equipments were reportedly so sensitive that they could detect any leakage through a hole of a pinhead. Should there be any leakage or fire during its transshipment, the safety system will respond automatically.

It is different with other oil and liquid carriers since LNG ships use velocity meters to ensure speed during berthing. The automatic mooring line (on ship) will be connected to the onshore system, the instrument systems and the shore-ship LNG transfer system as one system during its mooring to the shore.14 Should there be any leakage or accidental fender-bender, the connection between both safety system on ship and shore will automatically shut down the entire system and discharge operations can be shut down remotely.

The safety system as described above is designed to secure and prevent the probability of LNG incidents and the potential consequences. As mentioned earlier, it is very important to note that in more than 40 years history of LNG shipping, there have been no LNG cargo failures, leakage that has led to vapour clouds and collision that has resulted in a major disaster.

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